A product is a blend of multiple features which is
positioned and distinguished by way of some special offering to
establish it as a brand. And, if a customer is loyal towards a
particular brand, it means a product has fulfilled all
the requirements of a customer and satisfying a customer translates the
brand into a pivotal product to lend the organization the leading edge
over its competitors. The brand loyalists have the power
to make or break the image of a brand by word of mouth publicity.
Any brand in the market thrives or survives based
on its effective usage by the customer. Since the advertising for a
brand has taken off new dimensions with online advertising tools as one
of the potent mediums, the end user has evolved with time immemorial
and hence it has become rather difficult to prevent the customer from
brand switching.
The brands that have been continuously nurtured
and innovated over a period of time has been the insistent choice of a
consumer. And, so apart from this what other
constituents hold the customer’s loyalty towards a brand is an
important question? How to retain the existing customer is the key
concern of every organization? What mechanism should be used for each
customer?
In Toto, there are 4 types of brand users who
reflect the following tendencies which has been highlighted by the
marketing legend, Philip Kotler.
- The Hard Core loyalists:
Who is keen to buy one single brand every time.
- Soft Core loyalists:
A consumer is loyal to 2-4 brands at a time.
- Shifting loyalists:
Although a consumer is loyal towards a brand, but may keep shifting
from one brand to another and keep coming back to the first brand
towards which he was loyal.
- Switchers: Who
always are on the lookout for a new brand. Perhaps here the consumer
tries to experiment with new brands each time and also he may switch
over because of pricing or some other reasons.
Here are the main Key constituents
on the Brand Loyalty:
- Customer’s set of logical and
emotional conditioning: Even though a brand may not be
doing well in the market and might be having few customers, a brand
occupies a place in the customer’s mind by continuous advertising using
all the available mediums existing today. Today, a lot of viral
marketing techniques have been utilized in order to create brand
awareness and maintain brand loyalty.
- Good Relationship with the
customer: Once the brand has been used by the customer,
the organization focuses on establishing and maintaining a cordial
relationship with the customer by the use of emails, direct mails or
telephone. And the essence of this relationship is brand loyalty.
- Leveraging a brand by offering
brand extensions : Either the brand extensions or the
line extensions are introduced in order to keep up with the customer
loyalty. For example, a detergent like Rin was expanded by extensions
to its brand name, like Rin Advanced and Rin washing powder.
- Rebranding by offering a
different marketing mix: The brand may often be
delivered into a new packaging form. For example, under the category of
fast food, Maggi was offered in a new packaging form. Earlier it was
available in a single packing form, later was reintroduced in the
market in a double packing form. Often the price may be reduced by
offering the brand through a scheme which would entail the brand being
packaged in a set of 3-4 and deducting the overall price. For e.g. most
of the soaps are today being offered in a pack of 2-3 or 4.
- Brands supporting a good cause:
There are consumers who would like to remain attached to a brand which
supports social cause or any other good cause for the betterment of the
general public. For example, the Kingfisher Airlines floated by Vijay
Mallya swayed the Indians by sponsoring the cricket T20 match.
Now, the important thing to note is in what
situations, a customer is not brand loyal.
Here are some of the vicarious
situations under which a customer is unlikely to purchase one single
brand all the time:
- Non-availability of a product:
At times, a customer may switch over to a different brand because of
locational constraints like the non-availability of a product in
certain locations due to which a customer may buy another brand.
- Non-conformity with the latest
fad/trend: Apple has launched 3G iphones to budge or
transform the customer from the earlier mobile phone applications to
the latest introduction which is sure to appeal the customer. So, the
companies which innovate ad infinitum are sure to remain there is the
market for a long time as well as retain their existing customers. At
the same time also build up new customers.
The congregation of options
available to a consumer: The customer may be price
conscious and whenever he is offered the least priced brand, he is
lured towards it. A customer may get a host of benefits from the new
brand launched in the market as much as the brand which he was using so
may try to experiment with the new one.
No doubt that, a brand always faces a tiff
competition from the other brands in the market and suffers from the
perils of downslide, so a marketer should keep an eye on his
competitors’ brands. And, a marketer should capitalize on his brand by
offering a unique set of propositions to maintain his brand loyalists.
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